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A long block would be a completely assembled engine. The short block commonly refers to an engine block with already assembles rotating assembly. A crate motor is considered a long block, and something like the ZZ-4 shortblock, which only constains the block, crank, rods and pistons, would be called a short block.
Not sure what context you are referring to, but a "short block" consists of the block, crank, rods & pistons, timing chain & gears w/cover. ... all assembled. A "long block" refers to the same , but with heads, intake, valve train & covers. The BB came in "short" deck and "tall" deck configurations. Water pumps also had variations in leg length... thus, short & long pumps. Eh?
short and long block configurations refer to partially assembled engines and applies to all engine types - foriegn and domestic. typically the shrot block is reciprocating assembly only - i.e. block, crank, rods, pistons, cam and timing chain - it does not include oil pump, fuel pump or any of the upper engine assembly.....
a long block is the same as the short block with the addition of heads....depending upon whom you purchase from you may also recieve valve covers and an oil pump.
long blocks do not usually include intakes or distributors.
a short block is reference to a rebuilt engine.the short block has the complete lower block but doesn't have the heads installed.a long block is short block with heads and valve train installed on engine,in other words a complete engine top and bottom.
when you see a post BB that is a big block engine like a 427.when you see SB that is a small block engine like a 327 or 350 which is what you have in your vette.