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Looking at the first pic I see what looks like a magnetic plug that is holding some small metal shavings in the top right of the pic.
I think a good inspection is in order.
The ring with the brass teeth are the synchros. They act like a clutch to get the little steel teeth next to it, connected to the gear, spinning the same speed as the output shaft. That's why syncronized gear boxes dont grind when you shift.
If you're going to rebuild it, they will be changed anyway.
If you're only going to take off the side cover, just check for metal in the gearbox, any damaged gears, and look for leaks.
On the front of the case, you'll see the end of the countershaft. It's below and to the left of the input shaft. Check it carefully for leaks. The earlier gearboxes with a 7/8" shaft have a habit of wallowing out the housing hole there causing leaks. Later ones with 1" shafts were better. If there's a leak there, you can have it bushed for under $100, or buy a new "supercase" for about $250.