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On my 86, my heater control valve has no movement, so it stays closed. I have no heat in interior.
However, I can move the valve manually, but it's too hard to be automatically activated I think !
By turning it manually, I have some good heat.
1- When is this valve open or closed ? (I think closed when air conditioning is on ?)
2- Can I let it always open, knowing that I've no air conditioning anymore ?
Yes you’re right. You can just leave it in the on position for the winter. It closes completely when the a/c is on but doesn’t stop the a/c from working, just reduces how well it works. Did that for a year or so till I repaired it.
1. The valve is normally closed and only opens when you call for heat.
2. It can stay open always. You will just have coolant always circulating into the cabin heat exchanger.
Starting in 88 they didn't install these valve anymore while everything else in the heater system stayed the same. Many, including me, have removed the valves with no noticeable effect while in cooling mode. So yes you can permanently block it open with no problem.
I would change it. It probably is starting to rust inside and it will start leaking anti-freeze. Ask me how I know. I got the last one from rock auto about 5 months ago.