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Most cars 1996 and older (OBDI) have a ECM which used a EEPROM chip to store binary code to run car.
1997 and newer cars have a new standard (OBDII). ECU designs now use microcontrollers which have the EEPROM integrated within the controller and can be flashed (updated) through the diagnostic port.
Search on "tune" - this is mapping the computer to your car and mods. There are two different systems out there right now but you must bring your car to a tuner that has the computer and software to remap your car's computer with one of these software packages.