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I think the only offline options are for models sold in developing markets that don't have reliable internet. Think India and eastern Europe. If there's any way to do offline programming of most North American vehicles, it would come as a shock to me.
From my experience, the term 'Programming' can cover several procedures. Depends on what one wants to accomplish. Some parameters can be reprogrammed or set to enable different behaviors. For example, I've used the GM MDI Nano device to set afterblow on the HVAC module without any internet connection. I don't know if key fobs can be reprogrammed on the C7 using the GM MDI without a connection, but I have done this on earlier cars using the predecessor TECH-II clone.
Alternatively, if a module needs to be re-flashed then you'll need an internet connection, and a subscription as well for the flash files.
I have a nano along with GDS2, GM's own programing software , you can adjust parameters on some modules and its the best diagnostic tool you can buy but as far as programming modules , you have to log into the GM TIS website, type in the VIN and all the files for your car will be listed. For the causal user you buy a two day pass to the website for only 40 dollars
I know you can buy a special cable to program an ECU with MDI2 outside of the car but I don't know about the other modules. If you're interested in the ECU part, go on YouTube and look up GoatRopeGarage channel. He just did a video on how to do the ECU out if the car with the GM MDI2 stuff. He explains the cables needed.