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It can be done. There are a couple running around here on the forum. My understanding is the biggest issue is tracking down all the accessory brackets. They can get a bit pricey. Otherwise, I say go for it. Other than beefing up the front suspension, I don't think there are any major mods necessary. Hood clearance may be an issue, but just stick an L88 hood on and you're good.
You may also run into cooling issues. If you have any passable flaws in your cooling system as it is now then you'll find them for sure with a big block.
Nothing is a direct bolt in, but yes it will attach to the transmission and the motor mounts just fine. Big and small blocks use the same mounting scheme. But you will of course need new exhaust, accessory brackets/pulleys, and a much better radiator as mentioned. And you'll want to get an oil pan for a vette. All the parts are out there its just a matter of how much you want to spend or how creative you can get with stuff you can find at the junkyard and swap meets.
I've been running a big block in my '76 for a few years. I know it's not the same year but the process is probably very similar. The most expensive part was buying brackets and pullies. It bolted right up to my motor mounts, it was actually a very simple install. I don't really know much about 1980's but it shouldn't be too much different. Investing in a good aluminum radiator will also save you a lot of headaches.
With a fairly tame 454, do you all think that the rest of the running gear will be under too much stress?
It really depends on the condition of the stock drive train you have. If there are weak links now, they will fail you. If everything is up to spec, then you should be fine.