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Nobody who doesn't want to be eligible for the Darwin award cleans carburetors in gasoline. If there are external plastic parts you have no way of knowing what will happen.
wont hurt anything at all. it is a carb, it has gas in it all the time anyway.
Gas is not the ideal cleanser for old gas buildup though. Carb cleaner or similar would work much better. Gas will work to an extent though. Still need to run air and carb cleaner through all orifices, etc.
If there is dirt and gunk on the exterior, I would spray the exterior with some simple green, and rinse it with warm water, disassemble the carb and run it through an ultra sonic cleaner, then re-assemble.