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Since I'm C4 guy I thought I would share my most recent blog posting. This is from an article I did for Vintage Motorsport magazine a few months ago. It's more than you'll ever need to know about nuts and bolts.
About 25 or 30 years ago I was working as an engineer on a project with tightening a bolt into an insert in a plastic molded part. I had to run a lot of tests to determine how much we could tighten the bolt without pulling the insert out of the plastic.
I ran into the same things you mentioned that affected the torque vs. the tensile load. I found the same things you mentioned about thread condition, lubrication, etc. plus other things like side loading the bolt, the temperature (of the plastic parts), and a bunch more. I ended up making an assembly specification that controlled the variables as best we could. It worked, but it was a pain to get there.
Your post made me remember a lot of things we went through.