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The inner seal may still be ok. It must be that the outer part(dust boot) is kinda loose and allowed it to come apart. If the dust boots are tight like on a newly rebuilt caliper then the pistons will move outward, from the spring pressure on them, when the pads are removed but the boot will hold them from falling completely apart. Slap it back togeather and bleed and give it a go. Got nothing to loose in my opinion.
Make sure you pop the outer seal off carefully so you can verify visually that the inner seal goes back in with the lip facing the right way. You dont want to just blindly cram it bavk in there or the seal lip could become reversed or kinked. The inner seal should taper inward. Once its back in place push the dust boot back in place.
you may get by with just bleeding the wheel of the caliper which had the piston pop out. believe you are to put a light coating of rtv on outside of the dust seal when you re-install, so area must be clean and dry on both caliper and seal edge, personally, I'd get a new dust seal, can be purchased at auto zone.