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Technical Explanation: The Q-Jet Airvalve and Secondary Operating System
Lots of misunderstandings on the operation of the secondaries on a Q-Jet carb.
To understand the operation of the Q-Jet, first you have to understand what a “vacuum secondary” carb is and how it functions.
A “vacuum secondary” carb is a carb whose secondary throttle blades are opened by the force created by venturi vacuum in the primary side of the carb. The vacuum created in the venturi of a carb is directly proportional to the mass flow of air passing through the venturi. This venturi vacuum is completely independent of manifold vacuum, which is non-existent at wide open throttle (WOT). A vacuum secondary carb has a little hole drilled right into the venturi on the primary side, and this venturi vacuum is fed to a spring loaded diaphragm attached to the secondary throttle shaft. Once airflow on the primary side approaches the maximum flow capability of the primary venturi, the vacuum will be high enough to overcome the diaphragm’s spring pressure, and the secondary throttle is opened by the primary venturi vacuum. This is a vacuum secondary carb.
The Q-Jet does not have any vacuum holes drilled in the primary venturi, and there is no vacuum diaphragm attached to the secondary throttle shaft. The Q-Jet is not a vacuum secondary carb – it is mechanical carb with a secondary airvalve control.
But vacuum sucks the airvalve open, and the airvalve is connected to a vacuum diaphragm, so it’s vacuum operated, right?
Not really. Imagine this: Take a spring-loaded screen door and set it up right out in your front yard. As the wind starts blowing, the door gets pushed open. The harder the wind blows, the more the door gets pushed open. Do you have a vacuum on one side of your front yard sucking the door open..? Of course not – the pressure is the same all over your yard. The force opening the door is the mass flow of air pushing the door open. There may be a low pressure area in Texas that is causing the air to move, but Texas is not “sucking” the door open – mass air flow is pushing it open, and the door is responding to the actual total mass air flow being pushed through it. The Q-Jet operates the same way: At WOT, there is no vacuum in the manifold – the manifold is very close to atmospheric pressure (a correctly-sized carb will cause the manifold vacuum at WOT to be at about 0.5” Hg, which is nothing). So the force opening the airvalve is the same as the wind pushing your yard-mounted screen door open: It’s mass flow pushing it open. This is not a vacuum operated carb. There is no vacuum in the manifold at WOT, but there is plenty of mass airflow.
The diaphragm on the side of the Q-Jet “controlling” the secondary airvalve is actually the choke pulloff. It is also connected to the airvalve to hold it firmly closed when manifold vacuum is high. When the engine is placed in a power condition (WOT or low manifold vacuum), the diaphragm relaxes at a controlled rate to prevent excessively sudden opening of the airvalve: The longer the airvalve is delayed in its opening, the bigger “fuel shot” the secondaries get upon opening, thus preventing a secondary tip-in stumble. The pulloff merely allows a controlled opening rate of the valve, and is not a vacuum-operated control of the secondary throttle in any way. Think of the pulloff as the damper cylinder on the screen door: The damper cylinder does not open the screen door – it merely controls and dampens its opening rate.
Thus the Q-Jet is not a vacuum secondary carb. It is an airvalve-controlled mechanical secondary carb with a damper. The airvalve is not operated by vacuum – it is operated by mass flow. The airvalve’s opening rate is controlled and dampened by the loss of vacuum signal – not by the creation of any vacuum.
For some interesting reading on the 3 different types of engine vacuum, feel free to drop me an e-mail request for my “Engine Vacuum Explained” tech paper.
Brian
Check the inlet filter in the carb. They plug up very easily. Also Napa was making those inlet filters with a small check valve at the inlet of the filter to prevent drain back. They also restrict flow badly or jam up altogether. The engine starts, runs and idles fine but under any sort of heavy acceleration the carb runs out of fuel due to the restriction.See below. The one on the right has the check valve to prevent drain back and they do not work.
We "REMOVED" the check valve from the fuel filter.
This was approved by Chevrolet at the time.
I've never installed one of these filters with that check valve since.
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The Holley spread bore is also known as an 4165 / 8555s, which works great. Get the electric choke.
The new number is Holley 0-6210 , a 650 cfm spread bore carb, that has all the ports for the car. You may need a bracket for the cable.
Last edited by BLUE1972; Jan 12, 2017 at 09:23 PM.
The Holley spread bore is also known as an 4165 / 8555s, which works great. Get the electric choke.
The new number is Holley 0-6210 , a 650 cfm spread bore carb, that has all the ports for the car. You may need a bracket for the cable.
I think you got that backwards. The QJET has mechanical secondaries.
If you push your throttle pedal all the way down, the secondaries open, even if the car is off.
NO Rochester 4 BBL. carburetor ever had mechanical secondaries....Secondly, it doesn't matter what the secondaries do on a Q'jet when the engine if OFF, and there's no vacuum to the carb.
Let me edit this, as I haven't worked on a Q'jet since the early 90s.......the secondary throttle blades will indeed open, but the "secondary air valve" located at the top of the air horn, will not open, unless there's sufficient a sufficient air flow demand.
Last edited by leadfoot4; Jan 13, 2017 at 08:43 AM.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrajet
"Quadrajet carburetors have mechanical secondary throttle plates operated by a progressive linkage; the primaries open before the secondaries, and use on-demand air valve plates above the secondary throttle plates. The air valves are connected by a cam and linkage to the secondary fuel metering rods. As the airflow increases through the secondary bores, the air valves are pushed down, rotating a cam that lifts the secondary metering rods. The secondary rods are tapered in a similar fashion to the primary metering rods, effectively increasing the size of the fuel metering holes as the rods are lifted and delivering more fuel.
Therefore, the position of the air valve will control both fuel and air flow through the secondary venturis, even if the secondary throttle plates are fully opened. Thus the Quadrajet acts like a vacuum-secondary carburetor and only delivers more fuel as it is needed"][/B]
Last edited by jb78L-82; Jan 13, 2017 at 08:44 AM.





Lars





Technical Explanation: The Q-Jet Airvalve and Secondary Operating System
Lots of misunderstandings on the operation of the secondaries on a Q-Jet carb.
To understand the operation of the Q-Jet, first you have to understand what a “vacuum secondary” carb is and how it functions.
A “vacuum secondary” carb is a carb whose secondary throttle blades are opened by the force created by venturi vacuum in the primary side of the carb. The vacuum created in the venturi of a carb is directly proportional to the mass flow of air passing through the venturi. This venturi vacuum is completely independent of manifold vacuum, which is non-existent at wide open throttle (WOT). A vacuum secondary carb has a little hole drilled right into the venturi on the primary side, and this venturi vacuum is fed to a spring loaded diaphragm attached to the secondary throttle shaft. Once airflow on the primary side approaches the maximum flow capability of the primary venturi, the vacuum will be high enough to overcome the diaphragm’s spring pressure, and the secondary throttle is opened by the primary venturi vacuum. This is a vacuum secondary carb.
The Q-Jet does not have any vacuum holes drilled in the primary venturi, and there is no vacuum diaphragm attached to the secondary throttle shaft. The Q-Jet is not a vacuum secondary carb – it is mechanical carb with a secondary airvalve control.
But vacuum sucks the airvalve open, and the airvalve is connected to a vacuum diaphragm, so it’s vacuum operated, right?
Not really. Imagine this: Take a spring-loaded screen door and set it up right out in your front yard. As the wind starts blowing, the door gets pushed open. The harder the wind blows, the more the door gets pushed open. Do you have a vacuum on one side of your front yard sucking the door open..? Of course not – the pressure is the same all over your yard. The force opening the door is the mass flow of air pushing the door open. There may be a low pressure area in Texas that is causing the air to move, but Texas is not “sucking” the door open – mass air flow is pushing it open, and the door is responding to the actual total mass air flow being pushed through it. The Q-Jet operates the same way: At WOT, there is no vacuum in the manifold – the manifold is very close to atmospheric pressure (a correctly-sized carb will cause the manifold vacuum at WOT to be at about 0.5” Hg, which is nothing). So the force opening the airvalve is the same as the wind pushing your yard-mounted screen door open: It’s mass flow pushing it open. This is not a vacuum operated carb. There is no vacuum in the manifold at WOT, but there is plenty of mass airflow.
The diaphragm on the side of the Q-Jet “controlling” the secondary airvalve is actually the choke pulloff. It is also connected to the airvalve to hold it firmly closed when manifold vacuum is high. When the engine is placed in a power condition (WOT or low manifold vacuum), the diaphragm relaxes at a controlled rate to prevent excessively sudden opening of the airvalve: The longer the airvalve is delayed in its opening, the bigger “fuel shot” the secondaries get upon opening, thus preventing a secondary tip-in stumble. The pulloff merely allows a controlled opening rate of the valve, and is not a vacuum-operated control of the secondary throttle in any way. Think of the pulloff as the damper cylinder on the screen door: The damper cylinder does not open the screen door – it merely controls and dampens its opening rate.
Thus the Q-Jet is not a vacuum secondary carb. It is an airvalve-controlled mechanical secondary carb with a damper. The airvalve is not operated by vacuum – it is operated by mass flow. The airvalve’s opening rate is controlled and dampened by the loss of vacuum signal – not by the creation of any vacuum.
For some interesting reading on the 3 different types of engine vacuum, feel free to drop me an e-mail request for my “Engine Vacuum Explained” tech paper.


















