C3 Tech/Performance V8 Technical Info, Internal Engine, External Engine, Basic Tech and Maintenance for the C3 Corvette
Sponsored by:
Sponsored by:

Hood heat extractor

Thread Tools
 
Search this Thread
 
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 08:34 AM
  #41  
Rescue Rogers's Avatar
Rescue Rogers
Is my vette stock?? HAHA
Supporting Lifetime Gold
Veteran: Navy
10 Year Member
Community Builder
Loved
 
Joined: Oct 2015
Posts: 20,220
Likes: 9,356
From: Im not allowed to tell you
2020 C3 of the Year Finalist - Modified
2020 Corvette of the Year Finalist (performance mods)
2019 C3 of Year Winner (performance mods)
2016 C3 of Year Finalist
Default

Originally Posted by Kingtal0n
LOL. everybody uses turbo blankets, exhaust wrap, ceramic coatings. All OEM use plastic insulation and heavy thick wall tubes. Literally every OEM raised the coolant temperature and increased insulation as time going on. All power plants in the world use the highest possible temperature feasibly.

Its all around you in every engineering facility in every model around the world. "theories" rofl

I am not speaking from theory , I speak from experience and education. I've tuned every kind configuration- water meth alcohol twin sequential roots carb tbi mpfi 2L 3L 4L 5L 6L etc... I have far more experience than majority of humans in this area.
You my friend are too full of pride to see the truth....
Turbos and headers are wrapped to keep the heat away from everything else in a tiny cramped space. High heat in a modern engine isn't a desired out come its something to be dealt with. We arent dealing with power plants so...dont care.

Turbos are wrapped because they are spun by exhaust gases and will glow cherry red at speed....then the precious energy in the form of compressed gases is pushed through an air/ water intercooler to reduce the temp so it makes more power...so enough of this.

Post up a pic of your motor with all it's high temp accoutrements and not this make believe stuff or move along and let the adults talk
Reply
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 08:35 AM
  #42  
stingrayiii67's Avatar
stingrayiii67
Pro
15 Year Member
Liked
Loved
Community Favorite
 
Joined: Sep 2010
Posts: 690
Likes: 495
From: Las Vegas Nv
Default

Originally Posted by rmrtrex
I think I just might try this smaller one. It looks like the 10.6 by 15.5. Same width but not as long. I already ordered it from Summit, it was the last one they had. It might just be fate. LOL. I also don't want to rivet this louver on, I want to be able to unscrew it if necessary.


To be continued:

I will keep you posted.
I went and replaced rivets with small bolts. For that same issue.
Reply
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 11:34 AM
  #43  
Kingtal0n's Avatar
Kingtal0n
Safety Car
15 Year Member
Loved
Community Favorite
Top Answer: 5
 
Joined: Oct 2007
Posts: 4,222
Likes: 1,080
From: South Florida
Default

Turbos extract energy from exhaust. blankets improve turbine response and reduce lag. Blankets on NA engines improve exhaust gas velocity and improve power. Dumping that energy by cutting off the exhaust system causes massive loss of torque for this reason. Exhaust gas heat is ENERGY and it can be CAPTURED And UTILIZED. All OEM manufacturers use the exhaust energy and shield the thick heavy exhaust tubes for energy retention. It is engineering.


This engine was free it has 240,000 miles. I put 60,000 over the last 5 years at 500 to 600rwhp.
gasoline 93 only. Insulation and shielding done with the help of IR thermometer to reduce external temps as needed.
This setup was built using mostly free and donated parts to exemplify the minimum - the least amount of power and economy possible using mostly free parts and cheap fuels.
If you have less than 600rwhp and your engine costs more than $free there is room for improvement and learning here.


"boring" haha yeah. I like car to behave like a normal car. Nice and boring. Thats good.

0:05 get on highway cruise note 16's
3:38 note 15.8 to 16.0:1 still cleaning plugs @ 65mph in traffic
5:18 kick out of lockup and small boost in 4th to move up in traffic
6:29 step down lightly into lockup for some boost in 4th
7:18 get off highway
8:23 downshift rip the tires loose at 50mph
9:12 slowing down for stoplight
9:20 Showing A/F Stopped at stoplight note 14.7 to 15.0 open loop steady
10:51 leave light, turbine whistle
11:30 cruising 15.6 to 16.0 housekeeping plugs
12:18 rip tires loose at 50mph 'spool character'
13:05 stopping for traffic light
13:10 show a/f for traffic light stop 15.5 walking into 14.7 to 15.0 open loop
13:52 2nd gear chirp coming leave light


Adults - as a doctor and scientist I've seen and dealt with more adult situations than most humans. Its not just cars, math, microcontrollers, etc... I also do cancer research and biochemistry/biotechnology related. I am a multi disciplinary scientist with degree in mechanical and bioengineering. I am the top engine tuner in the country for reliability and daily drivers.
Reply
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 11:42 AM
  #44  
Kingtal0n's Avatar
Kingtal0n
Safety Car
15 Year Member
Loved
Community Favorite
Top Answer: 5
 
Joined: Oct 2007
Posts: 4,222
Likes: 1,080
From: South Florida
Default

boooring



Thanks for letting me share

build thread in sig - i did everything including the 4l80e rebuild myself
Reply
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 11:53 AM
  #45  
7t9l82's Avatar
7t9l82
Le Mans Master
15 Year Member
Conversation Starter
Photogenic
Community Favorite
 
Joined: Oct 2010
Posts: 6,938
Likes: 848
From: melbourne florida
2023 C3 of the Year Finalist - Modified
Default

All that education ,doctor,scientist, engineer,engine tuner, I'm not impressed, at 22 years of age I built and campaigned a IHRA mountain motor pro stock car with money I earned from the time I was 14 yrs old.was I competitive? No I wasn't, but I ran 8.60 @160 mph and did win some races against people that were pretty well known.i built the engine for a unblown fuel flat boat that set a national record 141 mph @8.5seconds.
Then I spent 30 years with the United States Marshals Service tracking down some very dangerous criminals.
So excuse me for my ignorance.
By the way my Father was a real mechanical engineer, his accomplishments are still benefiting national security and day to day life of people around the world.
Excuse us ignorant sub humans. We are in the presence of royalty.

I


Last edited by 7t9l82; Apr 19, 2024 at 12:15 PM.
Reply
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 02:45 PM
  #46  
Kingtal0n's Avatar
Kingtal0n
Safety Car
15 Year Member
Loved
Community Favorite
Top Answer: 5
 
Joined: Oct 2007
Posts: 4,222
Likes: 1,080
From: South Florida
Default

Originally Posted by 7t9l82
All that education ,doctor,scientist, engineer,engine tuner, I'm not impressed, at 22 years of age I built and campaigned a IHRA mountain motor pro stock car with money I earned from the time I was 14 yrs old.was I competitive? No I wasn't, but I ran 8.60 @160 mph and did win some races against people that were pretty well known.i built the engine for a unblown fuel flat boat that set a national record 141 mph @8.5seconds.
Then I spent 30 years with the United States Marshals Service tracking down some very dangerous criminals.
So excuse me for my ignorance.
By the way my Father was a real mechanical engineer, his accomplishments are still benefiting national security and day to day life of people around the world.
Excuse us ignorant sub humans. We are in the presence of royalty.

I
If I buy a brand new corvette add twin turbos and break some records. Did I really accomplish anything myself? Or did I just pay to win.

Buying an expensive engine and making 99999hp is not an accomplishment. Its what you can do with the least investment - I am more impressed by 200hp from a factory 20 year old reliable 1.8L engine than 2000hp from a custom aftermarket block.

I've tuned every kind of engine and vehicle and compared them. I take a little from each manufacturer almost - each often does something best. Take the best from each and apply it to your engine.
From Toyota/Nissan I take their PCV and turbocharger systems and improve upon them. Increased PCV suction and reduced crankcase pressure than the Chevrolet engine ever had from the factory. It helps with cleaner oil, longer lifespan, reduced smell, no leaking, no smoking. It cannot leak or smoke because the crankcase blow-by gasses are being scavenged aggressively. Understanding the role of engine oil with respect to the intake air pathways is another big focus point of the PCV system. It allows me to use high mileage engines with 2x to 3x factory output and not need any catch cans or extra maintenance because I copied the Toyota turbocharger config for factory toyota vehicles like the Supra which will 250,000+ miles reliably turbocharged. I know exactly where the oil is going and how much is there and what its role is.

I published a new model for cancer, growing it in 3D a biomimetic dynamic culture using animal tissues which I decellularized using a method that I invented.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36671668/

This is the kind of progress for humanity that I consider 'worth' doing. Going fast in a land based combustion vehicle is rapidly antiquated and clearly not the future of automotive. Therefore I do not really care about racing or power. The power is only for fun, you need just enough for the vehicle you are driving to scare the **** out of you sometimes. For older vehicles this is often much less power than a modern vehicle so its easier for people that enjoy classics, antiques, etc.. as I do in theory. I prefer my antiques to be reliable first, and powerful next, in that order. That is why I show you guys how to do the reliability aspects and brush off performance aspects. Reliability is difficult for people, power is on every page. Everybody discussing the beginning of the power stroke. Everybody talking about combustion pressure. But nobody wants to inspect the end of the power stroke where reliability and oil control happens. Nobody is inspecting the parts of combustion that make the biggest difference in the reliability of a properly tuned engine. You can have a properly tuned engine with poor reliability if you screw up the end of the power stroke with high crankcase pressure.


If I say I 'built' a car. Really, I didn't build anything. I only pieced together legos in such a way that it delivers what I desire.

The difficult nature of vehicle project is in the artwork, unique/elegant strategies which improve antiquated techniques.

I'm really just an artist.



Its what I can do with the least broken unwanted parts
Reply
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 03:08 PM
  #47  
7t9l82's Avatar
7t9l82
Le Mans Master
15 Year Member
Conversation Starter
Photogenic
Community Favorite
 
Joined: Oct 2010
Posts: 6,938
Likes: 848
From: melbourne florida
2023 C3 of the Year Finalist - Modified
Default

And you sir would lose control of your bladder just thinking about what I've done. You also fit the term educated beyond your intelligence..
Reply
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 03:21 PM
  #48  
Mdbirk's Avatar
Mdbirk
Drifting
 
Joined: Jul 2022
Posts: 1,359
Likes: 822
From: Wisconsin
2024 C3 of the Year Finalist- Modified
2023 C3 of the Year Finalist - Modified
2022 C3 of the Year Finalist - Modified
Default

Originally Posted by Kingtal0n
If I buy a brand new corvette add twin turbos and break some records. Did I really accomplish anything myself? Or did I just pay to win.

Buying an expensive engine and making 99999hp is not an accomplishment. Its what you can do with the least investment - I am more impressed by 200hp from a factory 20 year old reliable 1.8L engine than 2000hp from a custom aftermarket block.

I've tuned every kind of engine and vehicle and compared them. I take a little from each manufacturer almost - each often does something best. Take the best from each and apply it to your engine.
From Toyota/Nissan I take their PCV and turbocharger systems and improve upon them. Increased PCV suction and reduced crankcase pressure than the Chevrolet engine ever had from the factory. It helps with cleaner oil, longer lifespan, reduced smell, no leaking, no smoking. It cannot leak or smoke because the crankcase blow-by gasses are being scavenged aggressively. Understanding the role of engine oil with respect to the intake air pathways is another big focus point of the PCV system. It allows me to use high mileage engines with 2x to 3x factory output and not need any catch cans or extra maintenance because I copied the Toyota turbocharger config for factory toyota vehicles like the Supra which will 250,000+ miles reliably turbocharged. I know exactly where the oil is going and how much is there and what its role is.

I published a new model for cancer, growing it in 3D a biomimetic dynamic culture using animal tissues which I decellularized using a method that I invented.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36671668/

This is the kind of progress for humanity that I consider 'worth' doing. Going fast in a land based combustion vehicle is rapidly antiquated and clearly not the future of automotive. Therefore I do not really care about racing or power. The power is only for fun, you need just enough for the vehicle you are driving to scare the **** out of you sometimes. For older vehicles this is often much less power than a modern vehicle so its easier for people that enjoy classics, antiques, etc.. as I do in theory. I prefer my antiques to be reliable first, and powerful next, in that order. That is why I show you guys how to do the reliability aspects and brush off performance aspects. Reliability is difficult for people, power is on every page. Everybody discussing the beginning of the power stroke. Everybody talking about combustion pressure. But nobody wants to inspect the end of the power stroke where reliability and oil control happens. Nobody is inspecting the parts of combustion that make the biggest difference in the reliability of a properly tuned engine. You can have a properly tuned engine with poor reliability if you screw up the end of the power stroke with high crankcase pressure.


If I say I 'built' a car. Really, I didn't build anything. I only pieced together legos in such a way that it delivers what I desire.

The difficult nature of vehicle project is in the artwork, unique/elegant strategies which improve antiquated techniques.

I'm really just an artist.



Its what I can do with the least broken unwanted parts
Goddamn hippie
Reply
Corvette Stories

The Best of Corvette for Corvette Enthusiasts

story-0

10 Ugly Corvettes That We Still Kinda Love

 Joe Kucinski
story-1

Top 10 Most Expensive Corvettes Ever Sold on Bring A Trailer

 Brett Foote
story-2

10 Things Every Corvette Owner Needs (2026 Edition)

 Michael S. Palmer
story-3

8 Most "Only Corvette Owners Understand" Quirks and Problems

 Pouria Savadkouei
story-4

10 Reasons the C6 Z06 is Still A Performance Benchmark After 20 Years

 Joe Kucinski
story-5

How Much Horsepower Every Corvette Engine "LOST" in 1972

 Joe Kucinski
story-6

Top 10 DOs and DON'Ts for Protecting Your Convertible Top!

 Michael S. Palmer
story-7

Top 10 Most Explosive Corvettes Ever Made: Power-to-Weight Ratio Ranked!

 Joe Kucinski
story-8

150 hp to 1,250 hp: Every Corvette Generation Compared by the Specs That Matter

 Joe Kucinski
story-9

8 Coolest Corvette Pace Cars (and Replicas) of All Time

 Verdad Gallardo
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 03:36 PM
  #49  
68/70Vette's Avatar
68/70Vette
Team Owner
20 Year Member
Liked
Loved
Community Favorite
 
Joined: Jul 2004
Posts: 40,412
Likes: 792
From: Redondo Beach, California
Default

KingtalOn, 7t9182. Take it easy guys. You both impress me with your knowledge and abilities.

......................
There was a couple with a mentally retarded son. They really hoped their son would be able to marry a mentally retarded woman, they thought this would be the best for their son to have a happy marriage. Fast forward, their son met a woman, they all thought was mentally retarded, and on the eve before their marriage they asked their son if his bride was less intelligent than him......"Gosh Mom and Paw, that girl is so stupid tha when we get into bed, she puts the piller under her hips!"
Reply
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 04:45 PM
  #50  
Bikespace's Avatar
Bikespace
Race Director
Liked
Loved
Community Favorite
Top Answer: 1
 
Joined: Mar 2017
Posts: 11,953
Likes: 4,510
From: Virginia
Default

I, for one, greatly appreciate @Kingtal0n's unique perspective on engines.

I could do without any pictures of non-Corvettes, though, especially ones without hood extractors in a thread called "Hood heat extractor".

I suspect that for many of us, our hobbies are very different than what we do for work. So let's stick to our shared hobby, unless your job is working on Corvettes.
Reply
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 05:24 PM
  #51  
7t9l82's Avatar
7t9l82
Le Mans Master
15 Year Member
Conversation Starter
Photogenic
Community Favorite
 
Joined: Oct 2010
Posts: 6,938
Likes: 848
From: melbourne florida
2023 C3 of the Year Finalist - Modified
Default

A bit off topic but I have a 99 year old mother in hospice care who I have been taking care of for 13 years and I really don't have the patience for some types of people right now. Especially when my parents other children do nothing and thump their chest about how great they are.
I had an interest in this thread but I think I'm done with it.
Reply
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 05:38 PM
  #52  
stingrayiii67's Avatar
stingrayiii67
Pro
15 Year Member
Liked
Loved
Community Favorite
 
Joined: Sep 2010
Posts: 690
Likes: 495
From: Las Vegas Nv
Default

Something is telling me this thread is going to get worse. Next are we going to talk about how our cars have turned trans? lol.

Some of the smartest book smart people I know, don't know squat when it comes to common sense.

Anyway, yes Kingtalon is correct in many ways. But we have to remember C3's were not designed that way from the factory, and there is really only so much you can do without spending a boat load of money. SBC's from this time era are not designed that way compared to a newer engines for one.

A quick simple mod to reduce heat just works. Now if it was the space shuttle it would be different.

Plus I think the vent looks great.
Reply
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 05:42 PM
  #53  
Kingtal0n's Avatar
Kingtal0n
Safety Car
15 Year Member
Loved
Community Favorite
Top Answer: 5
 
Joined: Oct 2007
Posts: 4,222
Likes: 1,080
From: South Florida
Default

What did I do exactly that makes anyone angry?

From my perspective all I did was wrench on performance vehicles for 25 years and get a doctorate combined everything from school and experience into a workable philosophy then assembled vehicles to convince myself it wasn't just all in my head collected the data analyzed it and now I am reporting the results and confirmed philosophy of reliability performance applications.

I busted my hands and bleed scars headache heat stroke abused my body for this hobby and painstakingly separated myth from science over decades to bring you this knowledge

and it pisses people off, oh so much, for some reason new truth does this. People like to read the way they think. Try to be different and you get angry because your neurons lack plasticity. It evokes anger even when the knowledge could have set you free and changed your life for the better, you cling to the old ways.

okay, i feel sorry for you. But it doesn't make any of what I've said less true or applicable. To me cars are all cars. there is no such thing as a chevy or a corvette, it is a vehicle and you can modify it using the same techniques based on the power plant and locomotion.
Reply
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 08:28 PM
  #54  
Rescue Rogers's Avatar
Rescue Rogers
Is my vette stock?? HAHA
Supporting Lifetime Gold
Veteran: Navy
10 Year Member
Community Builder
Loved
 
Joined: Oct 2015
Posts: 20,220
Likes: 9,356
From: Im not allowed to tell you
2020 C3 of the Year Finalist - Modified
2020 Corvette of the Year Finalist (performance mods)
2019 C3 of Year Winner (performance mods)
2016 C3 of Year Finalist
Default

one...this is a corvette thread...where is your corvette
two...corvettes experience engine compartment heat issues that radiate into the cabin that no other car has
three....most corvette folks here do their own work and usually like the old motors that came in the cars originally, some have LS motors but they usually have something to say on the subject of the thread
four...no one llikes a blow hard that doesnt know his *** from his sneaker
five ...you still havent posted your pic of your corvette or your engine from that era, just a LS
six...any monkey can make power with a LS engine and a turbo, they are everywhere, all over youtube and no one cares
seven...did I mention you highjacked a thread about corvette heat issues and you have a POS Buick looking flat front car, usually I dont care what someone has if someone has some good advice to add
eight ..you have no good advice to add
nine...this is a corvette thread...where is your corvette
Reply
Old Apr 19, 2024 | 10:44 PM
  #55  
Bikespace's Avatar
Bikespace
Race Director
Liked
Loved
Community Favorite
Top Answer: 1
 
Joined: Mar 2017
Posts: 11,953
Likes: 4,510
From: Virginia
Default

Here's a Corvette. Flow visualization at the 40 second mark, showing how the C7's hood vent is functional.

Reply
Old Apr 20, 2024 | 06:40 AM
  #56  
Rescue Rogers's Avatar
Rescue Rogers
Is my vette stock?? HAHA
Supporting Lifetime Gold
Veteran: Navy
10 Year Member
Community Builder
Loved
 
Joined: Oct 2015
Posts: 20,220
Likes: 9,356
From: Im not allowed to tell you
2020 C3 of the Year Finalist - Modified
2020 Corvette of the Year Finalist (performance mods)
2019 C3 of Year Winner (performance mods)
2016 C3 of Year Finalist
Default

Someone had a video of theres with telltales to show the heat flow...wonder if I can find it...
Reply
Old Apr 20, 2024 | 06:46 AM
  #57  
Rescue Rogers's Avatar
Rescue Rogers
Is my vette stock?? HAHA
Supporting Lifetime Gold
Veteran: Navy
10 Year Member
Community Builder
Loved
 
Joined: Oct 2015
Posts: 20,220
Likes: 9,356
From: Im not allowed to tell you
2020 C3 of the Year Finalist - Modified
2020 Corvette of the Year Finalist (performance mods)
2019 C3 of Year Winner (performance mods)
2016 C3 of Year Finalist
Default

I was finally able to get my pictures to post....only ones I could find on my vents so far....
They are small but functional just no room on my hood



I wanted something that looked period correct and of course chrome
Reply

Get notified of new replies

To Hood heat extractor

Old Jun 14, 2024 | 07:16 PM
  #58  
rmrtrex's Avatar
rmrtrex
Thread Starter
Pro
Photogenic
Liked
Loved
Community Favorite
 
Joined: Apr 2021
Posts: 571
Likes: 101
From: Texas
Default








Okay guys with the help of one of my sons, I was finally able to get the hood extractor installed. I think it came out pretty good and now my hood has a functional heat extractor whether I am at a light standing still or driving on the highway. How much this helps I don't know, but I feel a little more comfortable driving it now that it doesn't have all that heat built up under the hood.
Reply
Old Jun 14, 2024 | 07:17 PM
  #59  
rmrtrex's Avatar
rmrtrex
Thread Starter
Pro
Photogenic
Liked
Loved
Community Favorite
 
Joined: Apr 2021
Posts: 571
Likes: 101
From: Texas
Default

I ended up ordering the smaller extractor since I have a stock hood. Keep in mind under the hood I have the 2" air filter.
Reply
Old Jun 14, 2024 | 11:52 PM
  #60  
stingrayiii67's Avatar
stingrayiii67
Pro
15 Year Member
Liked
Loved
Community Favorite
 
Joined: Sep 2010
Posts: 690
Likes: 495
From: Las Vegas Nv
Default

Looks good!
Reply



All times are GMT -4. The time now is 07:41 PM.

story-0
10 Ugly Corvettes That We Still Kinda Love

Slideshow: 10 ugly Corvettes that we still kinda love.

By Joe Kucinski | 2026-06-03 10:34:17


VIEW MORE
story-1
Top 10 Most Expensive Corvettes Ever Sold on Bring A Trailer

A lot of money has changed hands at the online auction house over the years.

By Brett Foote | 2026-06-03 10:21:50


VIEW MORE
story-2
10 Things Every Corvette Owner Needs (2026 Edition)

Slideshow: 10 great gifts Corvette enthusiasts actually want for Father's Day!

By Michael S. Palmer | 2026-06-03 15:43:40


VIEW MORE
story-3
8 Most "Only Corvette Owners Understand" Quirks and Problems

Slideshow: These are the quirks, annoyances, and oddly lovable problems that every Corvette owner eventually learns to live with.

By Pouria Savadkouei | 2026-05-28 09:31:39


VIEW MORE
story-4
10 Reasons the C6 Z06 is Still A Performance Benchmark After 20 Years

Slideshow: 10 reasons why the C6 Z06 is still a performance benchmark after 20 years.

By Joe Kucinski | 2026-05-27 17:20:09


VIEW MORE
story-5
How Much Horsepower Every Corvette Engine "LOST" in 1972

Slideshow: How much horsepower every Corvette engine lost in 1972.

By Joe Kucinski | 2026-05-27 16:54:53


VIEW MORE
story-6
Top 10 DOs and DON'Ts for Protecting Your Convertible Top!

Slideshow: How to Protect A Convertible Top: 10 DOs & DON'Ts

By Michael S. Palmer | 2026-04-03 00:00:00


VIEW MORE
story-7
Top 10 Most Explosive Corvettes Ever Made: Power-to-Weight Ratio Ranked!

Slideshow: The 10 most explosive Corvettes ever built based on power-to-weight ratio.

By Joe Kucinski | 2026-05-20 07:23:03


VIEW MORE
story-8
150 hp to 1,250 hp: Every Corvette Generation Compared by the Specs That Matter

Slideshow: From C1 to C8 we compare every Corvette generation by the numbers.

By Joe Kucinski | 2026-05-12 16:54:12


VIEW MORE
story-9
8 Coolest Corvette Pace Cars (and Replicas) of All Time

Slideshow: Some Corvette pace cars became collectible legends, while others perfectly captured the look and attitude of their era.

By Verdad Gallardo | 2026-05-11 09:50:51


VIEW MORE