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A big block or "rat motor" is a MkIV, V, or VI motor and includes the 396, 402, 427, 454, and 502. The "W heads" 348s and 409s are also big blocks but an older generation whose parts do not swap.
A small block or mouse ended with the LT1 motors The small blocks were the 265, 283, 302, 305, 307, 327, 350, and 400. I may not have include a small smog motor.
I consider an LS1 neither a small block nor big block, but a Gen 3 motor. The 4.8, 5.3, 5.7, 6.0, and C5R block motors are in the series. I know heads and other parts can be swapped between these motors.
The motors above for the most part share parts with other motors in their family.
Designer Imagines A Corvette That Looks More Like a Corvette Than the Corvette
Slideshow: A Jaguar designer's personal project imagines what a modern front-engined Corvette might look like if Chevrolet revisited the golden age of the Stingray.